Biology and Biotechnology of Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants, Volume 3: Sustainable Approaches for

Enhancing Envir

l Stress Tolerance. Aryadeep Roychoudhury (Ed.)

© 2024 Apple A

with CRC Press (Taylor & Francis)

onmenta

ca

published

demic Press, Inc. Co-

CHAPTER 10

Genome-Wide Association Studies and

Next-Generation Sequencing in Plant

Response to Environmental Stress

POOJA SARASWAT, HUNNY WASWANI, and RAJIV RANJAN^*

Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Department of Botany, DayalBagh,

Agra – 282005, Uttar Pradesh, India

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The increasing global demand for food and the betterment of agriculture is

a necessary need that is to be resolved. Due to the extreme climate changes

and environmental stress, plant growth and productivity suffers a lot. To find

solution to these problems, there is an obvious need to develop methods and

techniques to identify the genetic variations among any crop plant’s genomic

structure that are resilient to environmental changes. So, that breeding of

new crop varieties becomes easier. The newly developed techniques like

genome-wide association study (GWAS) are prominently accepted as to

recognize genotypes to their respective phenotypes. GWAS is based on the

different statistical methods to determine the genetic variations associated

with phenotypes in any population. On the other hand, Next generation

sequencing (NGS) is also helping side by side in providing all the required

information of novel genes and their expression in response to environ­

mental stresses. The identified QTLs and SNPs associated with the genes

help in future enhancement of plant biology and agriculture. The combined

efforts made by researchers and the new techniques are helping in boosting